Assessment of Quality of Life in Pregnant Women with Comorbid Conditions

Abstract

Background: Pregnancy represents a significant physiological stage in a woman's life characterised by numerous physical, psychological, and social transformations. However, the existence of coexisting conditions such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), hypertension, thyroid disorders, anaemia, urinary tract infections (UTIs), hyperemesis gravidarum, and eclampsia can adversely affect maternal health and overall quality of life. These complications may lead to physical discomfort, emotional strain, and a need for frequent medical attention, which can impact the well-being of pregnant women. Consequently, evaluating the quality of life among pregnant women experiencing comorbid conditions is crucial for enhancing maternal healthcare and pregnancy outcomes.

Aim: This study aimed to assess the quality of life in pregnant women experiencing comorbid conditions and to evaluate the impact of these conditions on different domains of life.

Methodology: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out over six months in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Guntur. The study included pregnant women who had comorbid conditions like gestational diabetes mellitus, hypertension, thyroid disorders, anaemia, urinary tract infections, hyperemesis gravidarum, and eclampsia. Information was gathered through patient interviews and an examination of medical records. To assess quality of life across physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains, standardised assessment tools such as the WHOQOL-BREF and PregQOL questionnaires were utilised. The gathered data were input into Microsoft Excel and analysed using descriptive statistics.

Results: The study findings indicated that the presence of comorbid conditions during pregnancy has a considerable impact on the quality of life of pregnant women. Physical discomfort, fatigue, emotional stress, and limitations in daily activities were commonly observed among the participants. These complications were found to influence different domains of quality of life, particularly the physical and psychological aspects.

Conclusion: Comorbid conditions during pregnancy can significantly affect the overall quality of life of pregnant women. Early diagnosis, regular antenatal care, proper management of complications, and psychological support are essential to improve maternal health and ensure better pregnancy outcomes.