Design and Characterization of Fluconazole-Loaded Mucoadhesive Biodegradable Films for Effective Management of Fungal Wound Infections

Abstract

This study intended to create and assess mucoadhesive biodegradable films containing fluconazole for the localised management of fungal wound infections. Localised delivery methods provide extended retention at the application site, improved medication retention, and less systemic exposure, which are especially advantageous for treating superficial fungal infections in immunocompromised individuals. Fluconazole-embedded films were fabricated utilising natural polymers, chitosan and sodium alginate, chosen for their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and intrinsic wound-healing attributes. Films were produced using the solvent casting process, and five formulations (F1–F5) were created by altering polymer concentrations. All films exhibited satisfactory physicochemical characteristics, encompassing uniform thickness, surface pH, mechanical strength, flexibility, and folding durability. The medication content was uniform between formulations, verifying consistent drug delivery. In vitro dissolution experiments demonstrated a sustained release profile, with the optimised formulation (F5) attaining 99.1% drug release within 120 minutes. The release kinetics exhibited first-order behaviour, governed by diffusion-controlled and non-Fickian mechanisms. The stability investigations verified the formulation's physicochemical integrity for a duration of 90 days. The optimised fluconazole film signifies a promising, patient-centric method for targeted antifungal wound treatment.